The Neolithic Era began when some groups of humans gave up the nomadic, hunter-gatherer lifestyle completely to begin farming. Religious artifacts and artistic imagery-progenitors of human civilization-have been uncovered at the earliest Neolithic settlements. Other scientists suggest that intellectual advances in the human brain may have caused people to settle down. Pre-Neolithic people called Natufians started building permanent houses in the region. In the Fertile Crescent, bounded on the west by the Mediterranean Sea and on the east by the Persian Gulf, wild wheat and barley began to grow as it got warmer. Some scientists theorize that climate changes drove the Agricultural Revolution. The Earth entered a warming trend around 14,000 years ago at the end of the last Ice Age. The causes of the Neolithic Revolution may have varied from region to region. There was no single factor that led humans to begin farming roughly 12,000 years ago. Origins of Man Causes of the Neolithic Revolution
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